
Research
I've spent much of my recent career building models that predict complex scientific systems. But prediction and explanation aren't the same objective. I'm interested in how we build AI systems that can move beyond prediction to discover parsimonious explanations: forming hypotheses, designing discriminating experiments, revising models from evidence, and communicating the resulting understanding to humans. I'm interested in the model architectures and training methods that make those capabilities possible.
I came to machine learning from physics and have spent close to a decade doing AI research in industry. At Microsoft Research I was a first author on Aurora, a foundation model for the Earth system published in Nature (2025), contributed to Skala, a deep learning model for quantum chemistry, and worked on few-shot learning and molecular representation. I'm now at the Ellison Institute of Technology, building foundation models for biological sequences: proteins, genetics, and whole-cell behaviour.
I enjoy formulating ideas, and I do the technical work to test them myself: designing models, writing code, and running experiments.
The systems I want to build maintain an internal model of their domain and improve it through interaction with data, tools, simulation, and experiment. Biology is a case in point: to be modellable at all it needs both language and verification in the lab. The representations these systems learn about the world fascinate me in their own right. And whatever modelling paradigm we ultimately choose, we should build systems that are transparent, with true explanation accessible to humans.
Experience
Ellison Institute of Technology · Oxford
Microsoft Research AI for Science · Cambridge & Amsterdam
Faculty Science Ltd · London
UCSF Department of Radiology, Brain Networks Laboratory · San Francisco
University of Cambridge · Cambridge
Selected Publications
Aurora: A Foundation Model for the Earth SystemNature 2025
C. Bodnar*, W. P. Bruinsma*, A. Lucic*, M. Stanley*, et al.
Nature 641, 1180–1187 (2025)· *equal contribution
Accurate and scalable exchange-correlation with deep learning
G. Luise et al.
arXiv:2506.14665 (2025, under review at Nature)
Hard Meta-Dataset: Towards Understanding Few-Shot Performance on Difficult TasksICLR 2023
S. Basu, J. Bronskill, M. Stanley, D. Massiceti, S. Feizi.
ICLR (2023)
Fake it until you make it? Generative de novo design and virtual screening of synthesizable molecules
M. Stanley, M. Segler.
Current Opinion in Structural Biology 82 (2023)
Re-evaluating Retrosynthesis Algorithms with SyntheseusNeurIPS 2023
K. Maziarz, A. Tripp, G. Liu, M. Stanley, et al.
NeurIPS AI4Science Workshop (2023) / Faraday Discussions 256, 568–586
FS-Mol: A Few-Shot Learning Dataset of MoleculesNeurIPS 2021
M. Stanley, J. Bronskill, K. Maziarz, H. Misztela, J. Lanini, M. Segler, N. Schneider, M. Brockschmidt.
NeurIPS (2021)
Shapley explainability on the data manifoldICLR 2021
C. Frye, D. de Mijolla, M. Stanley, T. Begley, L. Cowton, I. Feige.
ICLR (2021)
Phase-tuned entangled state generation between distant spin qubits
R. Stockill*, M. J. Stanley*, L. Huthmacher*, E. Clarke, M. Hugues, A. J. Miller, C. Matthiesen, C. Le Gall, M. Atatüre.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 010503 (2017)· *equal contribution
Controlling the coherence of a diamond spin qubit through its strain environment
M. J. Stanley et al.
Nature Communications 9, 2012 (2018)
Single-photon emission from single-electron transport in a SAW-driven lateral light-emitting diode
M. J. Stanley et al.
Nature Communications 11, 1–7 (2020)
Full counting statistics of quantum dot resonance fluorescence
C. Matthiesen*, M. J. Stanley*, M. Hugues, E. Clarke, M. Atatüre.
Scientific Reports 4, 4911 (2014)· *equal contribution
Education
PhD Physics
University of Cambridge · 2017
MSci Physics · First Class Honours
University of Cambridge · 2011
BA Physics · First Class Honours in all years
University of Cambridge · 2010
Awards